I think it goes without saying that Ghana has very poor sanitation. Our rivers are convered in rubbish, our gutters are choked with litter, our beaches are places of defecation for some, and you can't go anywhere in public without finding rubbish on the ground. This has been an ongoing issue for a ridiculously long time. It seems to just be getting worse.
It's very clear that we are facing the consequences of our actions. The recent flood in Accra was a sign that we must deal with this problem immediately. People lost their homes, properties, and livelihood, all of which could have been easily prevented.
Fortunately, after, Ghanaians got together and cleaned their environments, but that feels like putting a bandaid on a dam. Cleaning our environments may solve the problem for a while, but it's not sustainable. People will continue to litter, which will then have to be cleaned, continuing the never-ending cycle. We need to find the root of the problem and do something about it.
It makes me wonder what we can actually do to solve this problem in the long term. I've heard all the social studies answers; public education, enforcement of laws, cleaning our environments. But how effective are these? I don't believe public education will do much because Ghanaians are not braindead. They fully understand the implications and consequences of their actions. Yet, they choose to litter. Enforcement of laws might be slightly more effective, but I doubt it.
I do believe that the problem of poor sanitation stems partly from convenience. I've observed that we do not have dust bins in public areas. So, when people have rubbish they want to discard, they simply throw it on the ground instead of holding it and waiting till they find a dustbin. It's the same thing with the problem of people defecating in public areas like beaches. There are few public bathroom stalls, this drives people to defecate in public rather than looking for a bathroom. Providing dustbins and public bathrooms might solve this problem partly.
Aside from this, there are so many steps that can be taken to solve the root of the problem. Such as banning the production of more single use plastics(plastic bags, styrofoam bowls, etc), encouraging recycling and reusing, among other things.
It's not too late to take action, and if we actually start to realise how our sanitation will affect us in the long term, we can start doing something about it.